The smooth-leaved elm is a more warmth-loving species than the wych elm and is found in Europe only as far north as the Baltic Sea. It grows mainly in the lowlands on alluvial deposits in mixed woods, together with oak, alder and poplar. It reaches a height of 30 metres, and may attain an age of several hundred years, growing a thick trunk. The globular flower buds can alr,ady be distinguished in winter.
The flowers appear in February and March and the fruits - orbicular- winged samaras with a single seed - mature at the end of May. The leaves are ovate, opposite, broadest in the mid-section and wi th.a more or less unequal base. The root system is heart-shaped with numerous, flat lateral roots.
The smooth-leaved elm is marked by a vigorous production of stump suckers, and, sometimes, root suckers. It requires rich, moist soil. Found in drier situations is the form Ulmus cartinifolia suberosa that has corky winged plates on the branchlets. In the past several decades, the smooth-leaved elm has been greatly decimated by the Dutch elm disease, a disease caused by a fungus that causes wilting of the foliage and drying out of branches, and makes its further planting a controversial problem.
The European white elm grows mainly in central and eastern Europe, extending west only as far as western France and not reaching Britain. It is most plentiful in lowlands on alluvial deposits, and occurs only., up to heights of about 500 metres. It tolerates greater moisture than any other elm, and is not harmed even by passing floods. For that reason, it is often found on the banks of rivers, in the company of alder, poplar and willow. It is rarely found in dry situations, where it has a very brief life span.
The European white elm reaches a height of 20 to 30 metres, and is distinguished by plentiful trunk suckers. The bark is scaly, and shallowly furrowed. The buds are sharply pointed with two-toned brown scales edged with a paler hue. The flowers appear about two weeks later than those of the wych elm and are similarly borne on stalks 2 centimetres long. The ovate leaves have 14 to 20 pairs of secondary veins. Of all the European elms this species has the greatest resistance to fungus disease.
They are usually smaller, and lack the longitudinal stripes when freshly shed. The durmast oak does not begin bearing fruit until a fairly advanced age, about 40 to 60 years. It grows in mixed stands with the hornbeam and beech, in poorer and more acidic soils together with the pine and birch, and on dry, warm slopes in the company of the service tree, common or field maple, and other sun-loving woody plants. The wood is of similar quality, and has the same uses, as that of the common oak.
The flowers appear in February and March and the fruits - orbicular- winged samaras with a single seed - mature at the end of May. The leaves are ovate, opposite, broadest in the mid-section and wi th.a more or less unequal base. The root system is heart-shaped with numerous, flat lateral roots.
The smooth-leaved elm is marked by a vigorous production of stump suckers, and, sometimes, root suckers. It requires rich, moist soil. Found in drier situations is the form Ulmus cartinifolia suberosa that has corky winged plates on the branchlets. In the past several decades, the smooth-leaved elm has been greatly decimated by the Dutch elm disease, a disease caused by a fungus that causes wilting of the foliage and drying out of branches, and makes its further planting a controversial problem.
The European white elm grows mainly in central and eastern Europe, extending west only as far as western France and not reaching Britain. It is most plentiful in lowlands on alluvial deposits, and occurs only., up to heights of about 500 metres. It tolerates greater moisture than any other elm, and is not harmed even by passing floods. For that reason, it is often found on the banks of rivers, in the company of alder, poplar and willow. It is rarely found in dry situations, where it has a very brief life span.
The European white elm reaches a height of 20 to 30 metres, and is distinguished by plentiful trunk suckers. The bark is scaly, and shallowly furrowed. The buds are sharply pointed with two-toned brown scales edged with a paler hue. The flowers appear about two weeks later than those of the wych elm and are similarly borne on stalks 2 centimetres long. The ovate leaves have 14 to 20 pairs of secondary veins. Of all the European elms this species has the greatest resistance to fungus disease.
They are usually smaller, and lack the longitudinal stripes when freshly shed. The durmast oak does not begin bearing fruit until a fairly advanced age, about 40 to 60 years. It grows in mixed stands with the hornbeam and beech, in poorer and more acidic soils together with the pine and birch, and on dry, warm slopes in the company of the service tree, common or field maple, and other sun-loving woody plants. The wood is of similar quality, and has the same uses, as that of the common oak.
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In garden planning, a well designed structure to enclose and screen the compost heap should harmonize with the natural envoronment in your garden.
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